ant

后缀-ant 含义、词源和词例

ant

前缀-ant 是从法语引进的,其根则在拉丁语。它有两种属性:

1)与动词或动词词根相结合,构成形容词,其意思相当于that ~s(...的),其作用相当于英语中表示现在分词的词尾-ing。

2)加在动词后,构成名词,意思相当于a person or thing that ~s,表示该动作的主动者(人或物)。注意,凡以-ant 结尾的形容词常有与之对应的以-ance或-ancy结尾的名词。

先介绍动词或动词词根与-ant构成形容词的例子。

1.accordant
adj.一致的;调和的
ex)What he did is accordant with what he said. 他的言行是一致的。

2.triumphant
adj.胜利的;成功的
ex)The triumphant army marched into the enemy capital.获胜的军队开进了敌国的首都。

3.distant [di- = apart 离;st = to stand 站立;-ant →“相离而立的”→]
adj.远的,远离的
ex)The sun is distant from the earth.太阳离地球很远。

4.errant [err = to wander 漫游,离开正道;-ant →“漫游的,离开正道的”→]
adj.周游的;漂泊的;走入岐途的;错误的
ex)He went to the casino to bring back his errant son.他到赌场将那走邪道的儿子带回家。

5.vacant [vac = to be empty 空;-ant → ]
adj.空的;未被占用的,闲置的
ex)He tried to find a vacant seat for his mother.他想找个空位子给母亲坐。

下面介绍几个用-ant作名词的派生词。

1.assistant
n.助手;帮手
ex)I was her assistant in the library for a time.有段时间我曾在图书馆当她的助手。

2.disinfectant
n.消毒剂
ex)Alcohol is a common disinfectant.酒精是种常用的消毒剂。

3.merchant [merch = to trade 经商;-ant →]
adj.商人
ex)Some merchants do their business mostly with foreign countries. 有些商人主要做国外生意。

4.pendant [pend = to hang 悬挂;-ant →“悬挂物”→]
n.垂饰
ex)He bought a pair of ear pendants for her. 他为她买了一对耳坠子。